Izibophelelo ezijwayelekile zihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziyishumi nambili, futhi ukukhethwa kunqunywa ngokwezikhathi zokusetshenziswa nemisebenzi yezixhumi.
1. Amabhawodi
Ama-bolts asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuxhumekeni okukhiphekayo ekukhiqizeni ngomshini, futhi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ngokuhambisana namantongomane.
2. Amantongomane
3. Izikulufu
Izikulufu zivame ukusetshenziswa zodwa (ngezinye izikhathi ngamawasha), ngokuvamile ukuze kuqiniswe noma kuqiniswe, futhi kufanele zikrwelwe emculweni wangaphakathi womzimba.
4. Isifundo
Ama-stud asetshenziswa kakhulu ukuxhuma enye yezingxenye ezixhumene nobukhulu obukhulu futhi idinga ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho isakhiwo sihlangene noma uxhumano lwe-bolt alufanelekile ngenxa yokuhlakazeka njalo.Ama-stud ngokuvamile afakwa emikhawulweni yomibili (izikhonkwane ezinekhanda elilodwa zicutshungulwa ohlangothini olulodwa), ngokuvamile umkhawulo owodwa wentambo ufakwa ngokuqinile emzimbeni wengxenye, kanti omunye umkhawulo uhambisana namantongomane, odlala indima uxhumano kanye nokuqinisa, kodwa ku Ngokwezinga elikhulu futhi inendima yebanga.
5. Izikulufu zezinkuni
Izikulufu zokhuni zisetshenziselwa ukugoqa okhunini ukuze kuxhunywe noma kuhlanganiswe.
6. Izikulufu zokuzishaya
Izimbobo zesikulufu esisebenzayo ezimataniswa nesikulufu esizithephayo azidingi ukuthintwa kusenesikhathi, futhi intambo yangaphakathi yakheka ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho isikulufu esizithephayo sijikijelwa khona.
7. Abawasha
Iwasha yokukhiya
Amawasha asetshenziswa phakathi kwendawo esekelayo yama-bolts, izikulufu namantongomane kanye nendawo esekelayo ye-workpiece ukuvimbela ukuxegiswa nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwendawo esekelayo.
Iwasha yokukhiya
8. indandatho yokugcina
Iringi ebambayo isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukubeka, ukukhiya noma ukumisa izingxenye ku-shaft noma emgodini.
I-Industrial meson
9. Iphinikhodi
Izikhonkwane zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubeka, kodwa futhi ukuxhuma noma ukukhiya izingxenye, nanjengezinto zokugunda kakhulu kumadivayisi okuphepha.
10. Ama-Rivets
I-rivet inekhanda ekugcineni futhi ayikho intambo esiqwini.Lapho isetshenziswa, induku ifakwa emgodini wesiqephu esixhunyiwe, bese ukuphela kwenduku kukhishwe ukuze kuxhunywe noma kuhlanganiswe.
11. Ipheya yokuxhuma
Ipheya yokuxhuma iyinhlanganisela yezikulufu noma amabhawodi noma izikulufu ezizithephayo namawasha.Ngemuva kokuthi i-washer ifakwe ku-screw, kufanele ikwazi ukujikeleza ngokukhululekile ku-screw (noma i-bolt) ngaphandle kokuwa.Ikakhulukazi indima yokuqinisa noma yokuqinisa.
12. Abanye
Ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi izikhonkwane zokushisela nokunye.
Nquma ukuhlukahluka
(1) Izimiso zokukhetha izinhlobo
① Uma kucatshangelwa ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula nokuhlanganisa, emshinini ofanayo noma kuphrojekthi, izinhlobonhlobo zezixhumi ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zincishiswe;
② Ngokucatshangelwa kwezomnotho, izinhlobonhlobo zezibophelelo zempahla kufanele zincanywe.
③ Ngokwezidingo zokusetshenziswa ezilindelekile zezixhumi, izinhlobo ezikhethiwe zinqunywa ngokuya ngohlobo, izakhiwo ezisebenza ngomshini, ukunemba kanye nengaphezulu lentambo.
(2) Uhlobo
①Ibholithi
a) Amabhawudi enhloso ejwayelekile: Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, okuhlanganisa nekhanda eliyi-hexagonal nekhanda eliyisikwele.Amabhawodi angamahexagon amakhanda asetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi ahlukaniswa abe A, B, C namanye amabanga omkhiqizo ngokuya ngokunemba kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ngamamaki A no-B asetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuhlanganiswa okubalulekile, okuphezulu. ukunemba kanye nalezo ezingaphansi komthelela omkhulu, ukudlidliza noma lapho kushintsha khona umthwalo.Amabhawodi ekhanda le-hexagon angahlukaniswa abe yizinhlobo ezimbili: ikhanda le-hexagonal nekhanda elikhulu eline-hexagonal ngokusho kobukhulu bendawo yokusekela ikhanda kanye nobukhulu bendawo yokufaka;ikhanda noma isikulufu sinezinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbobo zokusetshenziswa lapho ukukhiya kuyadingeka.Ikhanda eliyisikwele lebhawodi lekhanda eliyisikwele linobukhulu obukhudlwana nendawo yokucindezeleka, okulungele ukuthi umlomo we-wrench ubambeke noma uncike kwezinye izingxenye ukuze uvimbele ukuzungezisa.Indawo yokulungisa exegayo ku-slot.Bona i-GB8, GB5780～5790, njll.
b) Amabholithi emigodi yokuvuselela kabusha: lapho esetshenziswa, amabhawodi afakwa ngokuqinile emigodini yokuvuselela kabusha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhishwa kwendawo yokusebenza, bheka i-GB27, njll.
c) Amabhawodi aphikisana nokujikeleza: Kukhona intamo eyisikwele ne-tenon, bheka i-GB12 ~ 15, njll.;
d) Amabhawodi enhloso ekhethekile: kufaka phakathi amabhawudi e-T-slot, amabhawodi ahlangene namabhawodi okusetshenzwa kulengwa.Amabhawodi ohlobo lwe-T asetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezidinga ukunqanyulwa njalo;ama-anchor bolts asetshenziselwa ukulungisa ifreyimu noma isisekelo se-motor kusisekelo sikasimende.Bona i-GB798, GB799, njll.;
e) Ipheya yokuxhumana yebhawodi yamandla aphezulu yesakhiwo sensimbi: ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuxhumana kohlobo lokungqubuzana kwezakhiwo zensimbi ezifana nezakhiwo, amabhuloho, imibhoshongo, izisekelo zamapayipi kanye nemishini yokuphakamisa, bheka i-GB3632, njll.
② Amantongomane
a) Amantongomane enhloso evamile: Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, okuhlanganisa amantongomane angama-hexagonal, ama-square nuts, njll. Amantongomane ane-hexagon namabhawodi angamahexagon asetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi ahlukaniswa abe amamaki omkhiqizo A, B, no-C ngokuya ngokunemba kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.Amantongomane amancanyana angama-hexagonal asetshenziswa njengamantongomane asizayo kumishini elwa nokuxega, edlala indima yokukhiya, noma asetshenziswa ezindaweni.